John the Baptist proclaimed a baptism in water “for the remission of sins,” and he announced the arrival of the “Coming One.” He was sent to prepare the way for the Messiah as promised in Isaiah - “Behold, I send my messenger before your face… The voice of one crying in the wilderness. Prepare the way of the Lord.” Jesus is the King of Israel who baptizes his people “in Spirit and Fire.”
John summoned the
nation of Israel to repent. He also warned the nation’s religious leaders of the coming judgment
that would befall them if they did not do likewise. The day was coming when it
would be too late, namely, the “Day of the Lord” - (Matthew 3:7-10).
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| [Photo by Andrey Andreyev on Unsplash] |
The baptism administered by John prepared the way for the arrival of the Messiah and the Kingdom of God, and the need for repentance included the most rigorously religious members of the Jewish people.
- (Matthew 3:11-12) – “I indeed baptize you in water for repentance: but he that is coming after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you in Holy Spirit and fire, whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly cleanse his threshing-floor; and he will gather his wheat into the garner, but the chaff he will burn up with unquenchable fire.”
John differed
from this “Coming One” in three ways - might, worth, and mode
of baptism. His baptism in water was preparatory, not final. He and
Jesus both “baptized” penitent men, but the Messiah would do so “IN HOLY
SPIRIT AND FIRE.”
The Gift of the Spirit was an expectation of the “Last Days” in the Hebrew Bible. It was foundational to the New Covenant promised in the books of Ezekiel and Jeremiah. By His Spirit, God would circumcise the hearts of His people and write His laws on them - (Isaiah 44:1-4, Jeremiah 31:31-34, Ezekiel 36:25-27, Joel 2:28-32, Acts 2:38-39).
“In Holy Spirit and fire”
indicates two aspects of his one “baptism.” In the Greek clause, “spirit
and fire” do not refer to two separate events or baptisms. One preposition
governs the two nouns or “in” (‘en’). “Spirit and fire” combined
form the object of the single verb, “baptize.” “Fire” and “Spirit”
both characterize the one “baptism” administered by Jesus.
In this context, “fire” refers
to judgment for the purgation or the destruction of the individual or nation.
The reference to “spirit and fire” is part of John’s response to the “Pharisees
and Sadducees,” the same men he warned that the “axe” was about to cut
down their fruitless tree - The “fire” points to the burning of the “chaff”
by the Messiah (“He will burn
up the chaff with unquenchable fire”).
All men who responded to John’s summons by repenting and preparing
themselves for the Messiah would experience the “baptism in the Spirit.”
Those who refused would endure the alternative, judgment “in fire.”
Finally, John’s warning applied to individual Israelites and the whole nation.
If Israel rejected God’s Anointed One, she would experience a baptism of
fire.
SEE ALSO:
- Salvation for All! - (Jesus dispatched his disciples to announce his Lordship and salvation to the uttermost parts of the Earth)
- His Name is Jesus - (‘Jesus’ means ‘Yahweh saves.’ In the man from Nazareth, the salvation promised by the God of Israel arrived in all its glory)